A kidney transplant is a life-saving surgical procedure performed to restore function to a recipient whose kidneys aren’t working as the result of disease. Kidneys are responsible for removing wastes from the body, regulating electrolyte balance and blood pressure and the stimulation of red blood cell production. A recipient may need a transplant because of primary kidney disease, congenital disease, urinary tract obstruction, high blood pressure, diabetic nephropathy or toxic reactions. Even though most people have two kidneys, one healthy kidney is able to function as if it were two, allowing for a normal, healthy and active life. Therefore, one donor’s kidneys are usually separated and transplanted into two recipients, saving two lives.